7,695 research outputs found
Illinois Government Research no. 47 1978: Illinois Municipalities: Where have all the voters gone?
Politicians often lament the declining importance of
local government in the United States. They point to
an ever-growing, more inclusive federal government
as evidence of the passing of government at the grassroots
level. But judging by statistics from the last
twenty years, Illinois municipalities, at least, can
hardly be considered dead or even slightly ill.
Thanks to the home rule provisions of the new constitution
and to increased revenue from sources such
as the state income tax and the federal revenue sharing
programs, city governments are more active
than ever before.published or submitted for publicatio
Magnetic Cluster Excitations
Magnetic clusters, i.e., assemblies of a finite number (between two or three
and several hundred) of interacting spin centers which are magnetically
decoupled from their environment, can be found in many materials ranging from
inorganic compounds, magnetic molecules, artificial metal structures formed on
surfaces to metalloproteins. The magnetic excitation spectra in them are
determined by the nature of the spin centers, the nature of the magnetic
interactions, and the particular arrangement of the mutual interaction paths
between the spin centers. Small clusters of up to four magnetic ions are ideal
model systems to examine the fundamental magnetic interactions which are
usually dominated by Heisenberg exchange, but often complemented by anisotropic
and/or higher-order interactions. In large magnetic clusters which may
potentially deal with a dozen or more spin centers, the possibility of novel
many-body quantum states and quantum phenomena are in focus. In this review the
necessary theoretical concepts and experimental techniques to study the
magnetic cluster excitations and the resulting characteristic magnetic
properties are introduced, followed by examples of small clusters demonstrating
the enormous amount of detailed physical information which can be retrieved.
The current understanding of the excitations and their physical interpretation
in the molecular nanomagnets which represent large magnetic clusters is then
presented, with an own section devoted to the subclass of the single-molecule
magnets which are distinguished by displaying quantum tunneling of the
magnetization. Finally, some quantum many-body states are summarized which
evolve in magnetic insulators characterized by built-in or field-induced
magnetic clusters. The review concludes addressing future perspectives in the
field of magnetic cluster excitations.Comment: 59 pages, 64 figures, to appear in Rev. Mod. Phy
La administración de la caza en al Comunidad Valenciana
El Tema forma párate del temario mas general y oficial editado por la Federación de Caza de la Comunidad Valenciana para la realización del curso oficial para la obtención de la licencia de caza. El tema en concreto aborda toda la estructura de la Administración con competencias en materia de caza. Cómo se organiza y qué funciones cumple cada uno de los órganos administrativos
MammoApplet: an interactive Java applet tool for manual annotation in medical imaging
Web-based applications in computational medicine have become increasingly important during the last years. The rapid growth of the World Wide Web supposes a new paradigm in the telemedicine and eHealth areas in order to assist and enhance the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of patients. Furthermore, training of radiologists and management of medical databases are also becoming increasingly important issues in the field. In this paper, we present MammoApplet , an interactive Java applet interface designed as a web-based tool. It aims to facilitate the diagnosis of new mammographic cases by providing a set of image processing tools that allow a better visualization of the images, and a set of drawing tools, used to annotate the suspicious regions. Each annotation allows including the attributes considered by the experts when issuing the final diagnosis. The overall set of overlays is stored in a database as XML files associated with the original images. The final goal is to obtain a database of already diagnosed cases for training and enhancing the performance of novice radiologistsPeer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
Capacity Analysis of IEEE 802.11ah WLANs for M2M Communications
Focusing on the increasing market of the sensors and actuators networks, the
IEEE 802.11ah Task Group is currently working on the standardization of a new
amendment. This new amendment will operate at the sub-1GHz band, ensure
transmission ranges up to 1 Km, data rates above 100 kbps and very low power
operation. With IEEE 802.11ah, the WLANs will offer a solution for applications
such as smart metering, plan automation, eHealth or surveillance. Moreover,
thanks to a hierarchical signalling, the IEEE 802.11ah will be able to manage a
higher number of stations (STAs) and improve the 802.11 Power Saving
Mechanisms. In order to support a high number of STAs, two different signalling
modes are proposed, TIM and Non-TIM Offset. In this paper we present a
theoretical model to predict the maximum number of STAs supported by both modes
depending on the traffic load and the data rate used. Moreover, the IEEE
802.11ah performance and energy consumption for both signalling modes and for
different traffic patterns and data rates is evaluated. Results show that both
modes achieve similar Packet Delivery Ratio values but the energy consumed with
the TIM Offset is, in average, a 11.7% lower.Comment: Multiple Access Communications 201
Montia parviflora (Dougl. ex Hook.) T.J. Howell
https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/13045/thumbnail.jp
Simplicity of fusion systems of finite simple groups
We determine for which known finite simple groups and which primes
the -fusion system of is simple. This means first collecting together
the results that were already known (and correcting two errors made in an
earlier study of this question), and then handling the remaining cases. At the
same time, we develop some new tools to use when determining
for arbitrary saturated fusion systems
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